@article{ author = {Khadivar, Hadi and Khodadadi, Mohamm}, title = {The Role of Arabic words,AncientVocabulary and some beautiful old compounds’ in the mystical prose of Sheikh Ahmad Jaam based on two of his books “ Ons Al Taaebeen and Konooz Al Hekmah”}, abstract ={Numerous works in several different topics has been authored during the different periods of literary works ,in which due to styles of each period, some changes in writing style has been created. The first half of the sixth century has not been deprived of these changes,which indeed are severe impacts of the Arab language and literature,on Persian language and literature.Since Sheikh Ahmad Gaam(441-536 AH.) has compiled his works in this period - the first half of the sixth century –which was faced with an influx of Arabic words: It was expected that his works should be full of Arabic words. But not only this is not the case, but first he has partly maintained his prose from Arabic language dominance, on the other hand, using ancient words and some pretty old compounds, he has maintained the strength and solidity of prose of Samani period- Khorasani style –.}, Keywords = {Arabic words, Ancient vocabulary, Beautiful compounds, Mystical prose, Sheikh Ahmad Jaam}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {11-30}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-138-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-138-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Moradi, Katayoon and Salavati, Mahmoo}, title = {The Functions of War Cry ( Rajaz Khani ) in The Book Of The Kings ( Shahname ) Of Ferdowsi and Garshasb Nameh of Asadi Towsi}, abstract ={In the present article attempt has been made to investigate the various types of war cry (Rajaz) told by heroes and warriors of Sahnameh ( The Book Of The Kings) and Garshasb Nameh of  Asadi Towsi at the beginning of the battles .The results showed that war cry was a kind of dialogue of two to seven couples told in the battle fields in the form of glorious questions and answer ,enemy humility, self expression, etc.The major theme of war cry ( Rajaz ) was the statement of originality and race or art of warfare , defeating the enemy , the application of techniques and tricks of war , and the use of war tools. In fact , war cry (Rajaz) was considered a powerful and effective psychological trick in the hand of the warriors to defeat the enemy . }, Keywords = {Sahnameh (The Book Of The Kings), Garshasb Nameh of Asadi Towsi, War Cry (Rajaz), Epic }, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {31-46}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-139-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-139-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Hatami, Hadi}, title = {Simurgh in Maulana\'s Works}, abstract ={Simurgh, a mythological bird, has long had strong presence in Iranian culture. Before the advent of Islam, it was present in Pahlavi works and after Islam it was present in mystical epics. This noteworthy element has attracted many talented mystics and has attained a transcendent and lofty character in mystical literature. Meantime, the sharp mind of Iran's most mystic poet, Maulana Jalal al-Din, has had different mystical interpretations from Simurgh. In Maulana's works, Simurgh sometimes refers to the perfect man and the united mystic and sometimes refers to essence of Divinity. Shams Tabirzi, love, spirituality, heart, and prayer, all of which have lofty meanings for Maulana, are enjoyably symbolized through Simurgh. The present paper deals with the various manifestations of Simurgh in Maulana's works.}, Keywords = {Simurgh, epic, mysticism, symbol, Maulana's works, }, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {47-62}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-140-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-140-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {SadeghiShahpar, Reza and Jafari, Hosei}, title = {Symbolism in Forūq Farrokhzād’s Poetry with Emphasis on Water Symbolism}, abstract ={In the second stage of her poetry, Forugh Farrohkzad has used figures of speech to lead language to its literary state. Among her influential literary techniques in poetry, symbolism is prominent. In her poems many words are used as symbols in various positions. They convey different meanings. One of the most attractive symbols of Forugh’s poems is water, and in this paper we will deal with it. }, Keywords = {Forugh Farrohkzad, symbolism, water.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {63-76}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-141-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-141-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Salimi, Ali and Nemati, Faroogh and Amiri, Jahangir}, title = {Spiritual themes in the poetry of Sayyid Qhotb}, abstract ={Sayed Qhotb a scholar, romantic , and contemporary Egyptian thinker, was influenced by Sufi ideas of spiritual and mystical intution, especially that of Hafez . This caused the concepts and terminology of mysticism to be represented in his poems rigorcusly. Mystical symbols such amazing, strange, unity, spiritual chanting with night spectra, dance, gathering and separation and soul … have shadowed Sayyid Quthʾs poetry which is a reflection of mystic and Islamic thoughts. To show his personality and Pure mystic Islamic thought. It is worth menticning that this dimension of him hasnot been investigated sofar.}, Keywords = { spiritual, ghazal, Contemporary Arabic poems, Sayyid Qutb´s.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {77-102}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Afrasiabpour, Ali Akbar}, title = {Allegory in Masnavi Haft Orang}, abstract ={Allegory proves to be very efficient in stating mystical and indirect concepts. Human and animal allegory is common in mystical and didactic literatures. In Masnavi Haft Organ, Jami cites over ten stories of animals. He also uses symbolic animal allegories as well. He personifies animals to teach moral a mythical concepts. He also did not neglect the legendary and totem backgrounds of the allegories he used. In personification of animals and birds, he also used the past experiences. This paper deals with most of the allegories in Haft Orang.}, Keywords = {allegory, symbol, totem, legend, personification, myth, mythological consciousness.}, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {103-118}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Radmanesh, Ata Mohammad and Rashidi, Morteza and Dan, Abdollah}, title = {Introducing Manuscripts of Quatrains of The Most Famous Guatrain Composer in Persian, Abu Saeed Kamal-o-din Najafi Astar Abadi ( Sahabi)}, abstract ={Quatrain, that the most of researchers has known as a quite Iranian format, is one of the short poem formats with little opportunity but big thoughts. In other words, briefness as well as meaningfulness is the innate feature of this format. In most of historical and literary books, manuscripts and old literary miscellany, like Resaleh Altanbiyeh, Tarikhe Jahangoshye Jovini, Kelile and Demneh, Marzban Nameh, Sandbad Nameh, Four Articls of Nezami Aruzi, Tarikhe Vassaf, Tarikhe Gozideh, Almaslek Valmamalek, Mersadol Ebad, Abharol Asheghein, etc. a sample of quatrain of old poets can be found. This shows the importance and value of quatrains as a brief and meaningful format of poetry There are a lot of gnostic poets like Abu- saeed Abu- al- kheir, Khayyam-e-Neishabouri, Fakhr-o- dine Razi, Ohad-o- dine Kermani, Baba Afzale Kashani, Attar-e-Neishabouri, Molavi, Obeide Zakani, and Sahabi Astarabadi that were respected in their time and Place and for many years their massages and preaching will beahabitual phrase and principle focus for perfectionist. In this article we are going to not only introduce the conception, philosophical and mystical thoughts of Sahabi as the most famous poet who is quatrain composer but also introduce his manuscript poems. We hope to have introduce this great poet as it is befitting him to every body.}, Keywords = {Sahabi Najafi Astarabadi, Manusctript, Quatrains, Sunfism }, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {119-141}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-144-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-144-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ahmadpour, Mohammad Amin and Zarouni, Ghodratollah}, title = {A Survy of Similarities and Differences between Sufism and Shi\'ism}, abstract ={Theosphy and Mysticism are the concepts that from the very bigining the establishment of  Islamic society were spread among people. Over the time and with spreadance of these phenomena, different groups of Sufi appeared, and each of which propagated its idea. But as the evidence shows  the spreadance of Sufism has been down by Sunnite and they had an important role in spredance of Sufism. The Relation between mystism and Shi'ism has encountered  many ups and downs during the history, and it had pros and opponents.Alpha have  The matter and the relation between Sufism and Shi'ism, many studies have been done with extremes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the  similarities and differences between Sufism and Shi'ism. Accordingly  at first, the issues wich show the relation and unity between Sufism and Shi'ism and the different views making them closer, are categorised and explained. Then the issues which show their seperation are investigated.   }, Keywords = {Sufism, Shi'ism, links and brokens }, volume = {4}, Number = {13}, pages = {142-164}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-145-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-145-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Ali and Roozbehani, Alirez}, title = {Mosque in the Mirror of Masnavi}, abstract ={Prayer is the most beautiful sign of God's serving and mosque is the place of spiritual relationship. Unlike some of the temples in different religions, mosques usually are built in crowded places. Mosques, with their doors open and with the most beautiful architectural and artistic landmarks in each period, have always been accessible to Muslims. Although Rumi was a mystic and attached to monasteries which were more casual than mosques, all through Masnavi he stresses on the importance of Mosque. For him, the mosque is a purified heart of a Gnostic where every being creature serves God. Other tips highlighted in Masnvi are emphasis on prayer and its virtues, and spiritual and physical purity of mosque. This paper attempts to contemplate on  Masnavi’s stories with the mosque in their focus and tries to discern Mowlavi’s point of view about this sacred place.}, Keywords = {Mosque, Molavi's Masnavi, Prayer.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {11-24}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-130-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-130-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {HokmAbadi, Mahmood and Kazemian, Safoor}, title = {Cognitive Challenges Used in Saadi’s Qazals}, abstract ={One of the most important factors which forms the literary content of a poem is the poet’s cognition and views about fatalism or free will. With this approach, drawing a conclusion becomes difficult because sometimes the poet reveals himself as a fatalist and sometimes talks about free will. Nowadays, cognitive psychologists describe poet’s dual approaches according to attributive styles. Psychologists believe that those who stick to fatalism have external control place and those with free will tendency have self control place. Saadi’s cognitive elements in his qazals include the place of internal and external controls as well as the cognitive errors which are the results of his control. The place of everybody’s control shows the person’s self esteem in controlling the events or his belief in destination, chance and uncontrollable factors. Cognitive errors include erroneous beliefs and self-made rules as well as the person’s mistakes. This study tries to prove that Saadi has his control places, and his cognitive errors have not only deviated him but have all been organized and controlled by him. Two cognitive errors which have been analyzed in this study are two-dimensional thought and tragedy creating. In a two-dimensional thought, the poet accepts his beloved with perfect love and passion; there is a perfect love without any defect. Tragedies are resulted from dual thoughts, and that means tragedy because of not having beloved. Since the two mentioned errors have been used by the poet as psychological elements, they have been named cognitive challenges in the present article.}, Keywords = {Saadi, cognitive psychology, control place, two-dimensional thought, tragedy creation.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {25-44}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-131-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-131-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Mokhtar}, title = {Ghaani shirazi in " Bazgasht " school}, abstract ={Although the poetry of " Ghajar " period is bounded by literary traditions, this has caused it to be  the subject of criticism. But it is noteworthy that artistic creativity has been represented in poetry of this period.A leading figure in Bazgasht school, Ghaani has represented aesthetic manifestation in structures that can be considered as a milestone of the period. Focusing on manner of composing rather than the reason of it, he proves himself to be a distinct poet among his contemporaries and one who cannot be ignored in Persian literature. When being considered in structured linguistic context, poetical imageries of Ghaani represent their artistic aspects. In other words, pondering about one aspect of literary elements of Ghaani’s poetry makes his work to be considered as an anaphoric poetryhowever, taking into account the whole elements of poetry, the consistent structure of his work appears.}, Keywords = {" Bazgasht " School, Ghaani, rhetorical elements, imaginary elements.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {45-62}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-132-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-132-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {ArdestaniRostami, Hamid Rez}, title = {Zorvanism in Mysticism}, abstract ={Zorvanism was one of the common religions in ancient Iran. Considering Ahuramazda and Ahriman, some Iranian came to the conclusion that zorvan was their father in heavens. This idea came to Islamic Iran too, because in the Arabic proveb”time is a sharp sword”one can see the effect of time (zorvan). In sofist texts, time is regarded as a two- edged sword, with a sharp satanic edge and a soft divine one.It is a kind of interpretation in which two dimentions of zorvan can be seen.This study searches this point in sofist texts.}, Keywords = {Zorvanism, Sufism, Time, Ahuramazda, Ahriman, Good, Evil.}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {63-84}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-133-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-133-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Sharifian, Mahdi}, title = {The Method of Discourse Analysis in Sohrab Sepehry’s Poems}, abstract ={In "Modern poetics”, “the text”  is considered as  the literature’s internal essence. In other words, just the dominant side of literary work is of nobility, the belief that comes from structuralism. Some of the most controversial issues in poetics are related to "discourse" and "discourse Analysis". In order for a text to be fully understood, five basic elements including language, music, imagery, human experience (emotional structure), and also the intertextuality issue should be taken into account. There is no doubt that this method has found its way from linguistics and played an important role in literary criticism. In contemporary Arabic inquiries the word ”khatab” is equivalent of “discourse”. On the other hand, Sohrab Sepehry is a stylist poet who has become a top one among his contemporaries, and synchronic has reached a prominent point in his works. In this article Sepehry’s poem that is fluctuating between nature and super natural is studied descriptively and analytically according to discourse analysis method.   }, Keywords = {discourse elements, modern criticism and Sohrab Sepehry}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {85-108}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Mollaei, holam Hossein and Hammidi, Jaffar}, title = {“Rulers’ Feautures in Bahars’ Poems”}, abstract ={Projected indices of rulers’ characters are vividly shown in the mirror of Malekoshoaraye Bahar’s poem. Bahar, as the greatest poet of his time and as a voice of Iranian people, was able to express the nation’s expectations as well as to criticize and judge the rulers’ actions.   He has an optimistic view towards the rulers of his time and combines the bitter advice and sweet eulogy to warn and to advise them in the hope of better future days. However, when the words don’t work, he removes the bawdy mask from the rulers’ faces and scandalizes them. Although his poems are overwhelmed with ugly pictures of rulers of his time, the clear positive picture of future is obviously seen. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate Ghajar dynasty kings’ characters and performance in his viewpoint.}, Keywords = {Bahar, Ghajar, King, remonstrance, eulogy}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {109-128}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-135-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-135-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Dadbeh, Asghar and Davoodipour, Gholamrez}, title = {From the Sea to the Sun}, abstract ={In this paper which has been organized based on an explanation of analogy works of Jaami’s Rubaiyat - a treatise on explanation of pantheism and ideas of Ebne Arabi school – a brief explanation is given about the allegory, pantheism and manifestation. At the beginning, allegories of the text are categorized, described and explained in 8 separate sections comprising: “light and sun”, “fire”, “mirror”, “glass”, “ water flow”, “sea”, “ words & numbers” in order to help interpreting and analyzing “pantheism and manifestation” which is the main topic of “explanation of Jami’s Rubaiyat on pantheism” and also the common subject of conceptual mysticism in Ebne Arabi school.   Jaami, with the help of these analogies, has tried to explain the theory of pantheism through­­ manifestation in cosmology. In mystics’ cosmological viewpoint about existence unity, the real existence is unique both in nature and predication, and it is elusive, intangible and incomprehensible by its names and numerous adjectives; However, it is by manifestation in eye-catching world that the real existence becomes understandable.}, Keywords = {allegory, existence unity, manifestation, light, sea, words, numbers}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {129-145}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-136-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-136-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {OstovarNamaghi, Mohamm}, title = {The Levels of Epistemology in Ahmad Jaam Namaghis, view}, abstract ={From the first days of mystical contemplation, there have been significant differences between mystics’ interpretation of religion and that of canonists. Canonists have restricted  religion to sharia and regard everything else as apostasy. Mystics, on the other hand, are liberal in their point of view and believe that religion covers a more expanded semantic field than that presented by canonists. Differences in interpretation have led to various clashes between mystics and canonists. The former considers the latter as being naïve and superficial while the latter considers the former as being pagan and apostate. The clashes between these two groups are rooted in two factors: (1) canonists’ superficial interpretation of religion and their focus on the outer layer along with their layman behavior have led them to consider mystics as pagans and apostates; (2) mystics’ unorthodox behavior and their blatant and superfluous remarks which contradict religion, especially when interpreted superficially, along with fake mystics’ behavior inspired by the social ills of the 5th and 6th century sowed the seeds of hostility with canonists. The researcher aims at scrutinizing Sheykh Jaam’s manuscripts to show that he goes beyond sharia and delves into deeper layers of tariqa and haqiqa.  }, Keywords = {Theological levels,Sharia,Tarigha,Haghigha,Ahmad Jam}, volume = {4}, Number = {14}, pages = {146-171}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-137-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-137-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {MohammadiBaghmolai, Esmaeel and Hosseinikazerouni, Ahm}, title = {A Survey of the Archetypical Images in Hafiz Sonnets}, abstract ={In the modern stylistics, there is a close relationship between psychology and poet or writer’s stylistic traits.Carl Gustav Jung believes that there is a kind of collective unconsicious common to all human beings. This Collective unconscious includes the archetypes that all human beings inherite  From their  ancestors. Art and  literature are related  to  the ancient  history of mankind through archetypes, and any reader  unconsciously finds himself involved in it There is a close relationship between Hafiz’s original ideas and Jung’s psychology. The archetypes in Hafiz sonnets are anima, old wisemam, shadow, persona, creation,eternity, soul , fortune, utopia  and fire.This article  attempts  to  open doors for  those  scholars and  researchers who are interested in Persian language literature.}, Keywords = {Jung, Collective Unconscious, Archetype, Hafiz}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {11-26}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-122-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-122-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {AsadiFirouzabadi, Maryam Alsadat}, title = {Research and Analysis of Hermeneutics of Rashid Aldin Meibodi about “Death” Verses in Kashf Al Asrar}, abstract ={In this research, the mystical approach of Rashid Al-din Meibodi about the verses concerning death is analyzed. Death is a definite event highlighted by Quran in many verses. Meibodi, in the third round of his book, habitually interprets the verses of Quran. He uses two methods of hermeneutics including comparative and sensational one, but lots of his interpretations are in a comparative way. This descriptive-analytic study shows that Meibodi has brought up issues like self- wanted  death, mystic’s condition in the time of death, mysticism’s point of view about death and its role  in joining God ,etc. and with the help of words, poems and narrated stories from religious and mystic masters, he has made the issue clear.    }, Keywords = {Kashfol-Asrar-Rashid Aldin Meibodi - Death - Hermeneutics. Mysticism }, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {27-52}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {AbdiMakvand, Esmaeel and MerdasiSardarabadi, Soghr}, title = {Character Analysis of Sufi in Masnavi}, abstract ={Sufi is one of the most important keywords in Masnavi. Every Mowlana`s words come from his mystical pint of view. He sometimes mixes mysticism with Sufism. Finding his pure thought requires having a deep insight. In Masnavi, he proposes "mystical psychology" but not according to systematic paradigms of classic books, so the researcher of his works should provide a framework within which these teachings can be examined. This paper, with the help of analysis – descriptive method, reveals the figure of Sufi and distinguishes real Sufi from false one.}, Keywords = {Molana, Masnavi, Sufi.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {53-74}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-124-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-124-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Heydarpour, Masihollah and Kolahdooz, Mohammad Ali}, title = {An Overview of Elahi Qomsheie\'s Literary and Mystical Worldview}, abstract ={Elahi Qomsheie's thinking has a divine and monotheistic origin. Servitude, devotion, love , mysticism, belief in moral principles and the poet's spiritual excursion are the qualities of a brilliant soul flowing from his beautiful poems. His Divan is a mystical, aesthetic and artistic collection in which theoretical and applied mysticism is explicated eloquently. The major part of his Divan is devoted to theoretical mysticism which covers topics such as unity of being, unity of manifestation, love (of God), the best order of the universe, etc. The pivotal element in his poems is "love"."Love" in his poems is a spiritual and divine love not a physical and metaphorical one. The mysterious language used to express love is a language of a mystic who tries to be united with the eternal love. He uses mysticism, Quran and Hadith to express his philosophical ideas.}, Keywords = {Mysticism, Love, Elahi Qomsheie}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {75-94}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-125-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-125-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Modarreszade, Abdorrez}, title = {Thoughts of death in the Poetry of Baba Taher}, abstract ={Remembering death is one of the common issues in Persian literature and all the poets have considered it according to their beliefs. Mystical interpretation of death is among the best approaches and far from melancholic point of views(those belong to Roodaki) and philosophical ones (those belong to Khayam). Poets like Baba Taher,Sanayee,Attar and Mowlavi interpret death mystically. Baba Taher as a Gnostic poet and a hermit has composed death to warn repeatedly mammonists and negligents of the fifth century. His approach contains mystical interpretations and mystical beliefs. This article investigates Baba Taher’s concentration on death.   }, Keywords = {Baba Taher, Persian Poetry, Mysticism, Death }, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {95-108}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-126-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-126-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {TabriziShahrovi, Zahr}, title = {Farr, Iranian rulers and heroes which have Farr}, abstract ={Farr, Farrah, Xwarrah or Xwarnah is heavenly power that has given to human to perform their functions. Rulers, priests and heroes have special Farrah. They are victorious when they have divine Farrah. They have defeated when this heavenly power escape them. Farvardin yašt, the longest yašt is allocated to Faravahar. Avesta’s Farvahar is equivalent to pahlavi’s faravašī. Farvardin is rooted from this word. Faravaši is formed from farr that means ahead and it’s root is vaš or vaxš that means to increase. This article names Iranian rulers and heroes that have farr to show value of this heavenly gift.}, Keywords = {Farr. Owners of Farrah, Iranian rulers, Iranian heroes.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {109-126}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-127-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-127-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {SoltaniKouhbonani, Hassan and latifiyan, Soqr}, title = {Khagani in His “ Self Limbo”}, abstract ={Khagani is a famous poet, but he is hard to be known in the history of Persian literature. Contradictory statements in his poems have long been a focus of researcher’s concentration and most of the critics have considered contradictory concepts and their reason in his poetry. This study, at first, considers and criticizes researchers’ view as well as contradictory conceptions in Khagani’s poems according to moral criticism. Secondly, it attempts at scrutinizing the reasons for such contradictory statements regarding his time and his poetry. It seems that egotism, self gloring, inferiority complex and the condition of  poet’s time are among the main reasons of his contradictory statements.  }, Keywords = {Khaghani, Contradictory Statements, Inferiority Complex, Egotism.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {127-151}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-128-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-128-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Akbari, Mohamm}, title = {Interpretation, Change and Contrast of Symbolic Implications in Shams Sonnets}, abstract ={In mysticism, symbolism is­ a superior picture of the confined world  for conveying and explaining the­ countless spiritual messages.This is why that Mowlavi, the mystic poet, artistically and eloquently invites his audiences to an endless feast of love. In Shams Sonnets,he gets benefit from every word and phrase to reach this achievement and sometimes uses words in various meanings because of limited number of words and his different moods. This study attempts to indicate the oppositions and contrasts of symbolic implications and also the way to interpret and assert these implications in order to find a better understanding of this long mystical work.   }, Keywords = {Mowlana,Shams Sonnets, symbolism.}, volume = {4}, Number = {15}, pages = {152-175}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-129-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-129-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Khadivar, Hadi and Alipoor, Farib}, title = {Haft Peikar and Its Historical Background (A Comparison)}, abstract ={ The present article focuses on the results of a comparative study of Nezami's narratives in Haft Peikar and some historical works. The main concern of this study is to determine the extent that Haft Peikar’s narratives are adaptable with the historical facts. Also, the most important objective of this study is to determine Nezami’s exploitation from historical texts and also, distortions he has made to narrate the historical events. The results obtained from content analysis method showed that some sections in Haft Peikar have been produced based on historical texts, while others are the results of the poet’s own literary reflections as well as distortions he has made over- using his poetic imagination- into historical accounts.}, Keywords = {Nezami, Haft Peikar, History, Historical Accounts.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {11-30}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-114-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-114-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {MostafaviSabzevari, Reza and RoostayeeRad, Elham}, title = {Virtuous love manifestation in Nezami’s “LEILI AND MAJNooN”}, abstract ={This  study  is  an  effort  towards understanding  the  historical  nature of “Ozri Love” and its reflection in the lyrical poem of  Leili and Majooun. Being a supreme human love, the virtuous love holds an outstanding   position both in mystical and poetical literature. In spite of little historical –literary evidence, this  kind of love still manifests itself in mysticism and sometimes becomes an excuse for approaching to the ocean of true knowledge. This love is a beginning for a new way of affection that causes the soul of the lover to be cleaned and consequently influences  Sufia texts by didactic educations.}, Keywords = {Ozri Love, Ozri Poem, Love, Mysticism, Leili and Majnoon}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {31-48}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-115-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-115-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Saki, Mohammad Reza and Goudarzi, Mohammad Taghi}, title = {Analysis of changing social values based on panegyric poems (1st to the second half of the fifth century)}, abstract ={In this paper, we have attempted to show the evalution of social norms in the panegyric poems of Iranian – Arabic and Persian poets-from the 1st to the second half of the fifth century. For this purpose, by studing the panegyric poems of this period, we category the benchmark of social values. The results show that in the first three century, race is the most important of social values. In the fourth century, however, religion and jihad against in fidels are very important and valuable, They are after the race. From the first half of the fifth century, religion and religiosity as the best norm of social values are the top, and warrior and justice are in the next period. The main reasons for the evaluation of social values criteria include: Growth and spread of Islamic, the rise of non-Iranian governments, wars, riots, and insecurity resulting from repeated attacks of Huns of central Asia to Iran.}, Keywords = {Social values, panegyric poems, Persian poets}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {49-70}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Kolahchian, Fateme and Heydariniya, Nadi}, title = {Natureُ s Image in Mowlanaُ s Sonnets}, abstract ={One of the most efficient tool for explaining theosophical concepts, is image. Unmaterial matters, indescribable spiritual experiences and unknown theosophical concepts, have ability to visualize by literary images and therefor transmitted to the reader. The role of nature and its elements in a variety of image processing; especially the theosophical imagery, has always been considerable. Multiple and diverse natural phenomena, have unrivaled function for metaphysical matters making sensible; so that the use of nature in the image, is taking account of Mowlana's most sensible theosophical technique – literary. Purpose of this study, is to analyze the types of  images correlated with the nature of mowlavi's sonnet; the aim that is not yet supplied in detailed and independent researchable form, despite many researches about mowlana's sonnets. During the realization of this objective, the reader will encounter the most important elements of nature and reasons of attention of mowlavi to phenomena, as well as the most prominent types of images used by the poet. Among this group of mowlana's images, the most frequency and the most dominant fictional aspect is simile and following it, symbol and then metaphor succeed. Among the elements that are derived directly sometimes by from nature and form these image, the most explicit appearance is sky and its luminaries. Water and its dependent phenomena, flowers, plants, trees and fruites; also animals and birds are other the most frequency elements.}, Keywords = {Mowlavi, Sonnets, Nature, Image, Theosophical poem}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {71-92}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Shiri, Ghahrem}, title = {Poetic Experience in the Gnostic Teaching}, abstract ={Most of the verse and prose Gnostic works have oral and verbal aesthetics senses. Poems, proverbs, speeches, brief writings, allusion, illustrations, and most of the attractive and elegant tales are common qualities of the literature and Gnostic works. In spite of the differences in kinds and aspects of the view points from the phenomenon’s in literature and Gnostic, all the reactions and methods are common in both of them and composed from thinking, kindness and imagination in all the important literary and Gnostic works. Of course, there are a lot of music manifestations and eloquent and original elements in all the prose and Gnostic works completely. For example, Dr shafiee kadkani defines Gnostic as a very special artistic view point toward the natural world. }, Keywords = {Gnostic, Imagination, poetic Experience, Artistic Gnostic,}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {93-108}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-118-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-118-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Askari, Fatema and TalebzadehShoshtari, Abbus}, title = {The Mystical Introduction to the “Alstebtan”}, abstract ={“Estebtan” means to go through something in order to know about a deep fact in the most encyclopedias. Bout in some of them it means “internal – discovering”, “Enteve”, “heart”, …. There are some experts believe that “heart” and “Estebtan” are not the same in their meanings, hence it is oblivious. On the other hand, the reference of “Alstebtan” plays an important role in the light of culture, encyclopedia, mystical literature, and philosophical discussions. Finding them show the interconnections between word science in Arabic language and other sciences such as “mystical literature”, and “philosophy”. This study tries to examine the narrative, literary, Quran examples to show the scientific position of term “Estebtan” in the comparative, mystical discussions and to illustrate their connections. The goal is to show term concept of “Alstebtan” as “to see and show the identity of things”, “the identity of things” in the vast region of mystical literature and philosophical discussions. There especially some philosophers who to know the identity of things around them. Therefore there are two axes in this study including: Preface to vocabulary meaning, term of “Alstebtan” in some of literary, narrative and Quran examples and  Analytical study of mystical and Islamic literature.}, Keywords = {Alstebtan, Internalization, , the identity of things, mystical literature}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {109-132}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-119-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-119-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Sabzianpour, Wahid and Hasani, Sar}, title = {Persian and Arabic Sources of Forty Stories from Sufiyeh Stories: The Study under Investigation (Roze Khold)}, abstract ={In the book “Roze Khold” written by Majd Khafi, there exist lots of stories related to mysticism and piety. From eighteen chapters of this book, one chapter is devoted to mystic, two to piety and disloyalty of the world. It should be mentioned that there are also other few dispersed stories with the content of piety and mysticism in other chapters of this book. Majd Khafi has not pointed to any of these stories; and we managed to extract sources of thirty-one mystic stories from Arabic sources of before and after Majd Khafi in this paper.}, Keywords = {Roze Khold, Majd Khafi, Mysticism, Sufiyaneh Stories, the Study of Sources.}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {133-155}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-120-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-120-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {sharifian, Mehdi and AsmandJuneghani, Ali}, title = {A Study on the Reasons of Difference in Mysticism Thoughts}, abstract ={Mysticism is one of the most effective school of thought in Iran literature history, it has been involved in conflicts in thought, believes , while it has been considered as a social and ideological process. Then, the reasons and foundation of differences in thoughts and ideas of Mystical have been studied.}, Keywords = {mysticism,conflicts,thoughts,reasons}, volume = {4}, Number = {16}, pages = {156-181}, publisher = {Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch}, url = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-121-en.html}, eprint = {http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-121-en.pdf}, journal = {Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi}, issn = {2008-7195}, eissn = {}, year = {2013} }