Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi

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Irony is one the techniques used to improve the effectiveness of speech. This technique has been used in various ways in literary texts. Literary and philosophical studies have shown that the extent of this concept is beyond verbal structures. This paper investigates some characteristics of Shams Tabrizi's thought, view and language which seems ironic, although some of them do not correspond to the known types of irony. Maghalat-e Shams is an outstanding literary work considering ironic features so that different types of irony can be traced in. But irony in Maghalat is more than a rhetorical or literary techniqueas it includes different types of nonverbal ironies. Besides these verbal and nonverbal ironies there is an other irony in Maghalat which comes from Shams Tabrizi's way of life and personality. An irony which might be called a kind of practical irony.

Keywords: irony, Shams Tabrizi, Maghalat-e Shams, philosophical irony, verbal irony

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