Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi

 Sufism and mystical tenets have an immense place in Persian literature. Bidel Dehlavi’s Lyrics (Ghazaliyats), as a representative of Indian style in Persian literature, is one of the Persian literary texts which includes deep mystical teachings. The present essay pays to place of Stations (Maqamt) and States (Ahval) in Bidel’s poems. It is to be mentioned that Stations and States have a very important place in Practical mysticism or spiritual journey (Seyr and Solouk) which they have been presented in most books of Muslim Sufis. Bidel in his lyrics has presented Stations and States widely and with a very beautiful style and starring perspective.

 Generally speaking, Muslim Sufis divided Stations and States into stages. They have Stated seven Stations as follows: Tawbah(repentance),Vara’(abstince),Zohd(piety),Faqr(poverty),Sabr(fortitude)  Tavakol(absolute trust in God), Reza(perfect contentment).According to them States (Ahval)would be classified as follows:

Moraqebah(meditation ),Qorb(proximity ),Mohabbat(love ),Khavf(fear from God ),Raja(hope),Shavq(longin),Ons(intimacy),Etminan(tranquility),Moshahedah(vision),Yaqin(certitude).Bidel has proposed all these Stations and States in his Lyrics.Since it is difficult to understand Bidels’ poems and there is no exegesis as to his Lyric Collections(Divan e Ghazaliyat),so it is necessary to classify his poems in relation to manifestation of  Stations and States.