Erfaniyat Dar Adab Farsi

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Rezaee P, Arabi diagarani F, Ahan jegar R. Examining the case of "death before death" from Attar's point of view. عرفانیات در ادب فارسی 2021; 12 (46) :127-153
URL: http://erfaniyat.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-633-en.html

      Mortality is a fundamental human concern and does not apply to followers of a particular religion. Scholars of the Shari'a have always conducted extensive research on the subject of death, its secrets and hidden angles. But beyond forced or inevitable death, it is a voluntary death that happens at the will of the mystic. And in the cult of mystics, it has been interpreted as: "death of abyaz" or enduring hunger: "death of aswad" (enduring the persecution of the people), "death of akhzar" or contentment and Sufism: "death of ahmar" or self-control. It has also been interpreted as "repeated death," "death before death," and "voluntary death", "death after death". The great Persian poet, Attar, who was one of the advocates of "voluntary death", has always emphasized in his literary and mystical works that it is better for those who are unable to escape and fight with death to try to achieve "voluntary death" with austerity and self-purification. This belief is inspired by many Quranic verses and hadiths that the author has studied in an analytical-descriptive way and through consulting libraries sources and the ways used for detecting it in Attar's works. Strong evidence, in this regard, has been found in Attar's poems and sayings. The results of the study showed that Attar deeply believes that for true happiness, one must move with will and awareness, and in the light of awareness and austerity, one must save themselves from the shackles of existence meaning to reach their true beloved, God.